Keep in Your Heart Till I Come to You! Wild Art Channel
| East | |
|---|---|
| E e | |
| (See below) | |
 | |
| Usage | |
| Writing arrangement | Latin script |
| Type | Alphabetic |
| Language of origin | Latin language |
| Phonetic usage |
|
| Unicode codepoint | U+0045, U+0065 |
| Alphabetical position | 5 |
| History | |
| Development |
|
| Time period | c. 700 BC to present |
| Descendants |
|
| Sisters |
|
| Variations | (See below) |
| Other | |
| Other letters commonly used with | ee |
E, or e, is the 5th letter and the second vowel letter in the mod English alphabet and the ISO basic Latin alphabet. Its name in English is due east (pronounced ); plural ees,[i] Es or Eastward's.[2] It is the most usually used letter in many languages, including Czech, Danish, Dutch, English, French, German language, Hungarian, Latin, Latvian, Norwegian, Spanish, and Swedish. [3] [4] [5] [6] [seven]
History
| Egyptian hieroglyph qʼ | Proto-Sinaitic | Proto-Canaanite hillul | Phoenician He | Etruscan E | Greek Epsilon | Latin/ Cyrillic Due east |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |  |  |  |  |  |  |
The Latin alphabetic character 'Due east' differs picayune from its source, the Greek letter epsilon, 'Ε'. This in turn comes from the Semitic letter hê, which has been suggested to accept started as a praying or calling human figure (hillul 'jubilation'), and was virtually probable based on a similar Egyptian hieroglyph that indicated a different pronunciation. In Semitic, the letter represented /h/ (and /eastward/ in strange words); in Greek, hê became the letter epsilon, used to correspond /e/. The various forms of the Erstwhile Italic script and the Latin alphabet followed this usage.
Utilize in writing systems
Pronunciation of the proper name of the letter ⟨e⟩ in European languages
English
Although Centre English spelling used ⟨eastward⟩ to represent long and short /due east/, the Great Vowel Shift changed long /eː/ (as in 'me' or 'bee') to /iː/ while short /ɛ/ (as in 'met' or 'bed') remained a mid vowel. In other cases, the letter is silent, generally at the finish of words like queue.
Other languages
In the orthography of many languages information technology represents either [east], [e̞], [ɛ], or some variation (such every bit a nasalized version) of these sounds, often with diacritics (every bit: ⟨eastward ê é è ë ē ĕ ě ẽ ė ẹ ę ẻ⟩) to indicate contrasts. Less commonly, as in French, High german, or Saanich, ⟨e⟩ represents a mid-central vowel /ə/. Digraphs with ⟨e⟩ are common to indicate either diphthongs or monophthongs, such every bit ⟨ea⟩ or ⟨ee⟩ for /iː/ or /eɪ/ in English, ⟨ei⟩ for /aɪ/ in German, and ⟨eu⟩ for /ø/ in French or /ɔɪ/ in German language.
Other systems
The International Phonetic Alphabet uses ⟨e⟩ for the close-mid forepart unrounded vowel or the mid front unrounded vowel.
Most common alphabetic character
'E' is the virtually common (or highest-frequency) letter of the alphabet in the English language alphabet (starting off the typographer's phrase ETAOIN SHRDLU) and several other European languages, which has implications in both cryptography and information pinch. In the story "The Gold-Bug" by Edgar Allan Poe, a graphic symbol figures out a random character code past remembering that the nigh used letter of the alphabet in English is E. This makes it a hard and popular letter to use when writing lipograms. Ernest Vincent Wright'south Gadsby (1939) is considered a "dreadful" novel, and supposedly "at least function of Wright's narrative issues were caused by language limitations imposed by the lack of E."[eight] Both Georges Perec'due south novel A Void (La Disparition) (1969) and its English translation by Gilbert Adair omit 'e' and are considered amend works.[9]
- E with diacritics: Ĕ ĕ Ḝ ḝ Ȇ ȇ Ê ê Ê̄ ê̄ Ê̌ ê̌ Ề ề Ế ế Ể ể Ễ ễ Ệ ệ Ẻ ẻ Ḙ ḙ Ě ě Ɇ ɇ Ė ė Ė́ ė́ Ė̃ ė̃ Ẹ ẹ Ë ë È è È̩ è̩ Ȅ ȅ É é É̩ Ē ē Ḕ ḕ Ḗ ḗ Ẽ ẽ Ḛ ḛ Ę ę Ę́ ę́ Ę̃ ę̃ Ȩ ȩ E̩ e̩ ᶒ[10]
- ⱸ : E with notch is used in the Swedish Dialect Alphabet[11]
- Æ æ : Latin AE ligature
- Œ œ : Latin OE ligature
- The umlaut diacritic ¨ used above a vowel letter in High german and other languages to indicate a fronted or front vowel (this sign originated as a superscript e)
- Phonetic alphabet symbols related to E (the International Phonetic Alphabet only uses lowercase, just uppercase forms are used in some other writing systems):
- Ɛ ɛ : Latin alphabetic character epsilon / open eastward, which represents an open-mid front end unrounded vowel in the IPA
- ᶓ : Epsilon / open due east with retroflex claw[x]
- Ɜ ɜ : Latin letter of the alphabet reversed epsilon / open eastward, which represents an open-mid primal unrounded vowel in the IPA
- ɝ : Latin pocket-sized letter reversed epsilon / open up e with claw, which represents a rhotacized open-mid central vowel in the IPA
- ᶔ : Reversed epsilon / open due east with retroflex hook[10]
- ᶟ : Modifier letter small reversed epsilon / open e[10]
- ɞ : Latin pocket-size letter closed reversed open e, which represents an open-mid primal rounded vowel in IPA (shown equally ʚ on the 1993 IPA chart)
- Ə ə : Latin letter of the alphabet schwa, which represents a mid central vowel in the IPA
- Ǝ ǝ : Latin letter turned e, which is used in the writing systems of some African languages
- ɘ : Latin letter of the alphabet reversed e, which represents a shut-mid central unrounded vowel in the IPA
- The Uralic Phonetic Alphabet uses various forms of e and epsilon / open east:[12]
- U+1D07 ᴇ LATIN Letter of the alphabet SMALL CAPITAL E
- U+1D08 ᴈ LATIN Modest LETTER TURNED Open Eastward
- U+1D31 ᴱ MODIFIER Letter Capital letter Eastward
- U+1D32 ᴲ MODIFIER LETTER CAPITAL REVERSED E
- U+1D49 ᵉ MODIFIER Letter of the alphabet Pocket-sized E
- U+1D4B ᵋ MODIFIER LETTER SMALL Open up Due east
- U+1D4C ᵌ MODIFIER Letter of the alphabet SMALL TURNED OPEN E
- U+2C7B ⱻ LATIN Letter SMALL Uppercase TURNED E [13]
- e : Subscript minor e is used in Indo-European studies[14]
- Teuthonista phonetic transcription system symbols related to E:[15]
- U+AB32 ꬲ LATIN Minor Letter BLACKLETTER E
- U+AB33 ꬳ LATIN Minor Letter BARRED E
- U+AB34 ꬴ LATIN SMALL Letter of the alphabet E WITH FLOURISH
Ancestors and siblings in other alphabets
- 𐤄 : Semitic letter He (letter), from which the following symbols originally derive
- Ε ε : Greek letter of the alphabet Epsilon, from which the following symbols originally derive
- Е е : Cyrillic letter Ye
- Є є : Ukrainian Ye
- Э э : Cyrillic letter East
- Ⲉ ⲉ : Coptic letter of the alphabet Ei
- 𐌄 : Erstwhile Italic E, which is the ancestor of modern Latin E
- ᛖ : Runic letter Ehwaz, which is possibly a descendant of Sometime Italic Due east
- 𐌴 : Gothic letter of the alphabet eyz
- Ε ε : Greek letter of the alphabet Epsilon, from which the following symbols originally derive
Derived signs, symbols and abbreviations
- € : Euro sign.
- ℮ : Estimated sign (used on prepackaged appurtenances for auction within the European Wedlock).
- e : the symbol for the elementary charge (the electric charge carried by a single proton)
- ∃ : existential quantifier in predicate logic. It is read "at that place exists ... such that".
- ∈ : the symbol for set membership in set theory.
- 𝑒 : the base of operations of the natural logarithm.
Code points
| Preview | E | e | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unicode name | LATIN Upper-case letter LETTER E | LATIN SMALL LETTER E | ||
| Encodings | decimal | hex | december | hex |
| Unicode | 69 | U+0045 | 101 | U+0065 |
| UTF-eight | 69 | 45 | 101 | 65 |
| Numeric character reference | E | E | e | e |
| EBCDIC family | 197 | C5 | 133 | 85 |
| ASCII ane | 69 | 45 | 101 | 65 |
- 1 Also for encodings based on ASCII, including the DOS, Windows, ISO-8859 and Macintosh families of encodings.
Other representations
In British Sign Language (BSL), the letter 'e' is signed by extending the index finger of the right mitt touching the tip of index on the left hand, with all fingers of left hand open.
Employ as a number
In the hexadecimal (base 16) numbering system, E is a number that corresponds to the number xiv in decimal (base 10) counting.
References
- ^ "E" a letter Merriam-Webster'due south 3rd New International Dictionary of the English Language Unabridged (1993). Ees is the plural of the name of the letter; the plural of the letter itself is rendered E'due south, Easts, e'due south, or edue south.
- ^ "East". Oxford Dictionary of English (3rd ed.). Oxford University Press. 2010. ISBN9780199571123.
noun (plural Es or East's)
- ^ Kelk, Brian. "Alphabetic character frequencies". Archived from the original on 2008-05-09. Retrieved 2022-02-02 .
- ^ Lewand, Robert. "Relative Frequencies of Letters in General English Plain text". Cryptographical Mathematics. Central College. Archived from the original on 2008-07-08. Retrieved 2008-06-25 .
- ^ "Frequency of Occurrence of Letters in Spanish". Santa Cruz Public Libraries. Archived from the original on 2008-05-11. Retrieved 2008-06-25 .
- ^ "Frequency of Occurrence of Messages in French". Santa Cruz Public Libraries. Archived from the original on 2008-03-12. Retrieved 2008-06-25 .
- ^ "Frequency of Occurrence of Letters in German language". Santa Cruz Public Libraries. Archived from the original on 2012-06-28. Retrieved 2008-06-25 .
- ^ Ross Eckler, Making the Alphabet Dance: Recreational Discussion Play. New York: St. Martin'southward Printing (1996): three
- ^ Eckler (1996): 3. Perec's novel "was so well written that at least some reviewers never realized the being of a letter constraint."
- ^ a b c d Constable, Peter (2004-04-xix). "L2/04-132 Proposal to add additional phonetic characters to the UCS" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2017-10-eleven. Retrieved 2018-03-24 .
- ^ Lemonen, Therese; Ruppel, Klaas; Kolehmainen, Erkki I.; Sandström, Caroline (2006-01-26). "L2/06-036: Proposal to encode characters for Ordbok över Finlands svenska folkmål in the UCS" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2017-07-06. Retrieved 2018-03-24 .
- ^ Everson, Michael; et al. (2002-03-xx). "L2/02-141: Uralic Phonetic Alphabet characters for the UCS" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2018-02-19. Retrieved 2018-03-24 .
- ^ Ruppel, Klaas; Rueter, Jack; Kolehmainen, Erkki I. (2006-04-07). "L2/06-215: Proposal for Encoding iii Additional Characters of the Uralic Phonetic Alphabet" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2017-07-06. Retrieved 2018-03-24 .
- ^ Anderson, Deborah; Everson, Michael (2004-06-07). "L2/04-191: Proposal to encode vi Indo-Europeanist phonetic characters in the UCS" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2017-10-eleven. Retrieved 2018-03-24 .
- ^ Everson, Michael; Dicklberger, Alois; Pentzlin, Karl; Wandl-Vogt, Eveline (2011-06-02). "L2/11-202: Revised proposal to encode "Teuthonista" phonetic characters in the UCS" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2017-ten-eleven. Retrieved 2018-03-24 .
External links
schaefernouse1990.blogspot.com
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/E
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